Publikation

Viral vector-mediated reprogramming of the fibroblastic tumor stroma sustains curative melanoma treatment

Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review - 05.08.2021

Bereiche
PubMed
DOI

Zitation
Ring S, Spiegl M, Besse A, Bonilla W, Stemeseder F, Schmidt S, Orlinger K, Krebs P, Ludewig B, Wenger R, Hartmann F, Cupovic J, Onder L, Lütge M, Pérez Shibayama C, Gil Cruz C, Scandella E, De Martin A, Mörbe U, Flatz L. Viral vector-mediated reprogramming of the fibroblastic tumor stroma sustains curative melanoma treatment. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4734.
Art
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review (Englisch)
Zeitschrift
Nat Commun 2021; 12
Veröffentlichungsdatum
05.08.2021
eISSN (Online)
2041-1723
Seiten
4734
Kurzbeschreibung/Zielsetzung

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex amalgam of tumor cells, immune cells, endothelial cells and fibroblastic stromal cells (FSC). Cancer-associated fibroblasts are generally seen as tumor-promoting entity. However, it is conceivable that particular FSC populations within the TME contribute to immune-mediated tumor control. Here, we show that intratumoral treatment of mice with a recombinant lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-based vaccine vector expressing a melanocyte differentiation antigen resulted in T cell-dependent long-term control of melanomas. Using single-cell RNA-seq analysis, we demonstrate that viral vector-mediated transduction reprogrammed and activated a Cxcl13-expressing FSC subset that show a pronounced immunostimulatory signature and increased expression of the inflammatory cytokine IL-33. Ablation of Il33 gene expression in Cxcl13-Cre-positive FSCs reduces the functionality of intratumoral T cells and unleashes tumor growth. Thus, reprogramming of FSCs by a self-antigen-expressing viral vector in the TME is critical for curative melanoma treatment by locally sustaining the activity of tumor-specific T cells.