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Bariatric surgery is increasingly performed for the treatment of severe obesity. Many women who undergo a bariatric operation are in a fertile age, while severe obesity per se is not seldom associated with impaired fertility. Surgical-induced marked weight loss frequently leads to an improvement of fertility which may result from a reduction of circulating androgen levels. While data on pregnancy courses after bariatric surgery are still scare, overall the frequency of pregnancy-associated complications seems to be reduced when compared with non-operated obese women. However, several cases of fetal complications resulting from severe nutritional deficiencies have been reported. In light of these reports the need of sufficient nutritional supply after bariatric surgery, in particular during pregnancy, has to be emphasized. To achieve this goal the intake of several supplements is frequently required. Here we provide an overview on nutritional aspects regarding the issue of fertility and pregnancy after bariatric surgery.