Publikation

Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in breast cancer patients: a study by the EORTC-PAMM-NDDG

Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review - 01.01.2007

Bereiche
PubMed

Zitation
Jörger M, Féty R, de Bruijn E, Hempel G, Karlsson M, Tranchand B, Schrijvers A, Twelves C, Beijnen J, Schellens J, Jodrell D, Izquierdo M, Sleeboom H, Huitema A, Richel D, Dittrich C, Pavlidis N, Briasoulis E, Vermorken J, Strocchi E, Martoni A, Sorio R, EORTC-PAMM-NDDG. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in breast cancer patients: a study by the EORTC-PAMM-NDDG. Clinical pharmacokinetics 2007; 46:1051-68.
Art
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review (Englisch)
Zeitschrift
Clinical pharmacokinetics 2007; 46
Veröffentlichungsdatum
01.01.2007
ISSN (Druck)
0312-5963
Seiten
1051-68
Kurzbeschreibung/Zielsetzung

AIMS: To investigate the population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in breast cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-five female patients with early or advanced breast cancer received doxorubicin 60 mg/m(2) over 15 minutes followed by cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2) over 15 minutes. The plasma concentration-time data of both drugs were measured, and the relationship between drug pharmacokinetics and neutrophil counts was evaluated using nonlinear mixed-effect modelling. Relationships were explored between drug exposure (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC]), toxicity and tumour response. RESULTS: Fifty-nine patients had complete pharmacokinetic and toxicity data. In 50 patients with measurable disease, the objective response rate was 60%, with complete responses in 6% of patients. Both doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetics were associated with neutrophil toxicity. Cyclophosphamide exposure (the AUC) was significantly higher in patients with at least stable disease (n = 44) than in patients with progressive disease (n = 6; 945 micromol . h/L [95% CI 889, 1001] vs 602 micromol . h/L [95% CI 379, 825], p = 0.0002). No such correlation was found for doxorubicin. Body surface area was positively correlated with doxorubicin clearance; AST and patient age were negatively correlated with doxorubicin clearance; creatinine clearance was positively correlated with doxorubicinol clearance; and occasional concurrent use of carbamazepine was positively correlated with cyclophosphamide clearance. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed inhibitory population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model adequately described individual neutrophil counts after administration of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. In this patient population, exposure to cyclophosphamide, as assessed by the AUC, might have been a predictor of the treatment response, whereas exposure to doxorubicin was not. A prospective study should validate cyclophosphamide exposure as a predictive marker for the treatment response and clinical outcome in this patient group.