Publikation
Interactions of dietary whole-grain intake with fasting glucose- and insulin-related genetic loci in individuals of European descent: a meta-analysis of 14 cohort studies
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel/Review - 06.08.2010
Meigs James B, Smith Albert, Sjögren Per, Sijbrands Eric J G, Saylor Georgia, Rotter Jerome I, Rolandsson Olov, Riserus Ulf, Rice Kenneth, Renström Frida, Orho-Melander Marju, Nalls Michael, Loos Ruth J, Liu Yongmei, Launer Lenore, Steingrímsdóttir Laufey, Uitterlinden André G, Franks Paul W, Siscovick David S, Cupples L Adrienne, Ingelsson Erik, Ordovas Jose M, Dedoussis George V, Dupuis Josée, Witteman Jacqueline C M, Florez Jose C, van Duijn Cornelia M, Pankow James S, Prokopenko Inga, Wareham Nicholas J, Langenberg Claudia, Kritchevsky Stephen B, Johansson Ingegerd, Djoussé Luc, Follis Jack L, Anderson Jennifer S, Garcia Melissa, Tanaka Tosh, Ye Zheng, Wojczynski Mary K, Sonestedt Emily, van Rooij Frank J A, Ngwa Julius, Hivert Marie-France, Lemaitre Rozenn N, Kanoni Stavroula, McKeown Nicola M, Mukamal Kenneth, Papoutsakis Constantina, Hu Frank B, Houston Denise K, Hofman Albert, Harris Tamara, Hallmans Göran, Groves Christopher J, Forouhi Nita G, Ferrucci Luigi, Feitosa Mary F, Borecki Ingrid B, Bennett Amanda J, Bandinelli Stefania, Zillikens M Carola, Mozaffarian Dariush, Nettleton Jennifer A
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OBJECTIVE
Whole-grain foods are touted for multiple health benefits, including enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing type 2 diabetes risk. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in individuals free of diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that whole-grain food intake and genetic variation interact to influence concentrations of fasting glucose and insulin.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Via meta-analysis of data from 14 cohorts comprising ∼ 48,000 participants of European descent, we studied interactions of whole-grain intake with loci previously associated in GWAS with fasting glucose (16 loci) and/or insulin (2 loci) concentrations. For tests of interaction, we considered a P value <0.0028 (0.05 of 18 tests) as statistically significant.
RESULTS
Greater whole-grain food intake was associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin concentrations independent of demographics, other dietary and lifestyle factors, and BMI (β [95% CI] per 1-serving-greater whole-grain intake: -0.009 mmol/l glucose [-0.013 to -0.005], P < 0.0001 and -0.011 pmol/l [ln] insulin [-0.015 to -0.007], P = 0.0003). No interactions met our multiple testing-adjusted statistical significance threshold. The strongest SNP interaction with whole-grain intake was rs780094 (GCKR) for fasting insulin (P = 0.006), where greater whole-grain intake was associated with a smaller reduction in fasting insulin concentrations in those with the insulin-raising allele.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results support the favorable association of whole-grain intake with fasting glucose and insulin and suggest a potential interaction between variation in GCKR and whole-grain intake in influencing fasting insulin concentrations.