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The specific aim of this application is to provide the proof-of-principle that coronavirus vectors can indeed induce protective antiviral humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo. To this end, we will generate mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) vectors carrying various antigens (fusion protein of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) GP33 epitope KAVYNFATC and green fluorescent protein, vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G), and HIV-p24) and the immunostimulatory cytokine GM-CSF. Mice will be immunized with recombinant MHV virus-like particles via different routes and the induction of antiviral CTL and Th cell responses and the production of neutralizing antibodies will be tested using well-established read-out systems.