Publication

Risk Factors for Mortality and Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Journal Paper/Review - Feb 4, 2020

Units
PubMed
Doi

Citation
Possner M, Veldtman G, Czosek R, Prokop L, Ben Ali W, Murad M, Khairy P, Lubert A, Bokma J, Alahdab F, Tseng S, Alsaied T. Risk Factors for Mortality and Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Can J Cardiol 2020; 36:1815-1825.
Type
Journal Paper/Review (English)
Journal
Can J Cardiol 2020; 36
Publication Date
Feb 4, 2020
Issn Electronic
1916-7075
Pages
1815-1825
Brief description/objective

BACKGROUND
Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) have increased risk for mortality, sudden cardiac death, and ventricular tachycardia (VT). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to offer an updated analysis of risk factors following significant changes in surgical and perioperative management.

METHODS
A meta-analysis based on the published literature between 2008 and 2018 was conducted. Endpoints were VT, cardiac mortality/VT, and all-cause mortality/VT. Studies with ≥100 patients and ≥10 events were included.

RESULTS
Fifteen studies including 7218 patients (average age 27.5 years) were analyzed. Risk factors for VT included older age (per 1 year, odds ratio [OR]: 1.039; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.025-1.053), older age at corrective surgery (per 1 year, OR: 1.034; CI: 1.017-1.051), previous palliative shunt (OR: 3.063; CI: 1.525-6.151), number of thoracotomies (OR: 1.416; CI: 1.249-1.604), longer QRS duration (per 1 ms, OR: 1.031; CI: 1.008-1.055), and at least moderate right-ventricular dysfunction (OR: 2.160; CI_ 1.311-3.560). Additional risk factors for cardiac death/VT were previous ventriculotomy (OR: 2.269; CI: 1.226-4.198), lower left-ventricular ejection fraction (per 1%, OR: 1.049; CI: 1.029-1.071), and higher right-ventricular end diastolic volume (per 1 mL/m, OR: 1.009; CI: 1.002-1.016). Supraventricular tachycardia/atrial fibrillation was an additional risk factor for all-cause mortality/VT (OR: 1.939; CI: 1.088-3.457).

CONCLUSIONS
The study highlights the importance of preservation of biventricular systolic function on late outcomes. Ventricular function appears to have a greater impact on outcomes than the severity of pulmonary regurgitation alone in this patient population.