The Role of Inorganics in Preeclampsia Assessed by Multiscale Multimodal Characterization of Placentae
Thomas Rduch, Elena Tsolaki, Yassir El Baz, Sebastian Leschka, Diana Born, Janis Kinkel, Alexandre H C Anthis, Tina Fischer, Wolfram Jochum, René Hornung, Alexander Gogos & Inge K Herrmann
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abstract
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Preeclampsia is one of the most dangerous diseases in pregnancy.
Because of the hypertensive nature of preeclampsia, placental
calcifications are believed to be a predictor for its occurrence,
analogous to their role in cardiovascular diseases. However, the
prevalence and the relevance of calcifications for the clinical
outcome with respect to preeclampsia remains controversial. In
addition, the role of other inorganic components present in the
placental tissue in the development of preeclampsia has rarely been
investigated. In this work, we therefore characterized inorganic
constituents in placental tissue in groups of both normotensive and
preeclamptic patients ( = 20 each) using a multi-scale and
multi-modal approach. Examinations included elemental analysis
(metallomics), sonography, computed tomography (CT), histology,
scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence and energy
dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Our data show that tissue contents of
several heavy metals (Al, Cd, Ni, Co, Mn, Pb, and As) were elevated
whereas the Rb content was decreased in preeclamptic compared to
normotensive placentae. However, the median mineral content (Ca, P,
Mg, Na, K) was remarkably comparable between the two groups and CT
showed lower calcified volumes and fewer crystalline deposits in
preeclamptic placentae. Electron microscopy investigations revealed
four distinct types of calcifications, all predominantly composed of
calcium, phosphorus and oxygen with variable contents of magnesium
in tissues of both maternal and fetal origin in both preeclamptic
and normotensive placentae. In conclusion our study suggests that
heavy metals, combined with other factors, can be associated with
the development of preeclampsia, however, with no obvious
correlation between calcifications and preeclampsia.
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citation
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Rduch T, Tsolaki E, El Baz Y, Leschka S, Born D, Kinkel J, Anthis A
H C, Fischer T, Jochum W, Hornung R, Gogos A, Herrmann I K. The Role
of Inorganics in Preeclampsia Assessed by Multiscale Multimodal
Characterization of Placentae. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:857529.
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type
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journal paper/review (English)
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date of publishing
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30-03-2022
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journal title
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Front Med (Lausanne) (9)
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ISSN print
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2296-858X
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pages
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857529
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PubMed
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35433726
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DOI
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10.3389/fmed.2022.857529
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