Publication

Diagnostic and prognostic value of cystatin C in acute heart failure

Journal Paper/Review - Jul 26, 2017

Units
PubMed
Doi

Citation
Breidthardt T, Nestelberger T, Boeddinghaus J, Badertscher P, Barata S, Shrestha S, Gayat E, Kozhuharov N, Twerenbold R, Rassouli F, Ziller R, Sabti Z, Mueller C. Diagnostic and prognostic value of cystatin C in acute heart failure. Clin Biochem 2017
Type
Journal Paper/Review (English)
Journal
Clin Biochem 2017
Publication Date
Jul 26, 2017
Issn Electronic
1873-2933
Brief description/objective

BACKGROUND
The accurate early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) is an unmet clinical need. Cystatin C might improve the early detection of AKI.

METHODS
207 patients presenting to the emergency department with AHF were enrolled. Cystatin C was measured in plasma in a blinded fashion at presentation and serially thereafter. The potential of Cystatin C levels to predict AKI was assessed as the primary endpoint. Long-term mortality was assessed as a secondary endpoint.

RESULTS
At presentation, creatinine (140μmol/L [91-203] vs. 97μmol/L [76-132], p<0.01) and Cystatin C (2.00mg/L [1.30-3.08] vs. 1.45mg/L [1.00-1.90], p<0.01) levels were significantly higher in AKI compared to Non-AKI patients. The diagnostic accuracy for AKI quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was mediocre and comparable for both markers (creatinine 0.68; 95%CI 0.58-78 vs. Cystatin C 0.67; 95%CI 0.58-0.76). Serial measurements of Cystatin C did not further increase the prognostic accuracy for AKI. Cystatin C levels were significantly higher in decedents than in survivors (1.90mg/L [1.30-2.70] vs. 1.30mg/L [1.0-1.6], p<0.001). The combination of Cystatin C and BNP levels significantly improved the prediction of mortality provided by either parameter alone. In multivariable regression analysis Cystatin C remained independently associated with mortality (HR 1.41; 95%CI 1.02-1.95).

CONCLUSION
Plasma Cystatin C levels do not adequately predict AKI in patients with AHF. However, in multivariable regression analysis Cystatin C predicted mortality after the adjustment for baseline renal function, AKI, BNP levels and heart failure risk factors.